What are the related examinations for diabetes?

Physical examination

Measure height, abdominal circumference, weight, blood pressure, heart rate, etc.

Laboratory tests

Fasting blood sugar

Reflecting the body's ability to maintain glucose metabolism homeostasis without meals.

Oral glucose tolerance test

Reflecting the body's ability to handle sugar load.

Urine glucose test

When the glucose in the blood exceeds the tolerance of the kidney, glucose will appear in the urine. A positive result is an important clue to the discovery of diabetes, but it cannot be used as a basis for diagnosis.

HbA1c and GA

HbA1c and GA: used to reflect the average blood sugar level over a period of time. HbA1c reflects the blood sugar level in the past 2-3 months; GA reflects the average blood sugar level in the past 2-3 weeks.

Pancreatic β-cell function test

Including insulin release test and C-peptide release test, reflecting the basal and glucose-mediated ability of pancreatic β-cells to release insulin.

Note:

You must fast for more than 10 hours before the test, usually after 12:00 a.m. the night before the test; -Be sure to stop taking vitamin C, penicillin, salicylates, birth control pills, diuretics, and other drugs before the test, as these drugs will affect the test result; -During the oral glucose tolerance test, you should not drink tea or coffee, smoke or do strenuous exercise.