what is the difference between diabetes and prediabetes

Diabetes and prediabetes are two health conditions associated with abnormal blood glucose levels. Prediabetes is generally characterized by blood glucose levels that are above the normal range but do not meet the diagnostic criteria for diabetes, whereas diabetes is a metabolic disorder marked by sustained high blood glucose levels that can lead to various complications.

In a detailed analysis, individuals with prediabetes typically exhibit fasting blood glucose levels between 100-125 mg/dL or 2-hour postprandial blood glucose levels between 140-199 mg/dL, which are not yet at the diagnostic thresholds for diabetes (fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose ≥200 mg/dL). There is a risk of progression to type 2 diabetes for those with prediabetes, but this risk can be mitigated through lifestyle modifications, such as dietary changes and increased physical activity. Conversely, individuals with diabetes often need more rigorous blood glucose control measures, including pharmacological interventions, to prevent long-term complications like cardiovascular diseases, nephropathy, and retinopathy.

For both prediabetes and diabetes patients, it is crucial to maintain a healthy dietary habit, regularly monitor blood glucose levels, and adhere to the treatment guidance provided by healthcare professionals. Particularly for those with diabetes, strict compliance with medication regimens, regular follow-ups, and adjustments to treatment plans are essential to keep blood glucose within the target range and minimize the risk of complications.