how does diabetes damage blood vessels

Diabetes often inflicts damage on blood vessels by causing them to harden and narrow, potentially leading to circulatory issues. This damage is a result of chronic hyperglycemia, which triggers endothelial cell dysfunction and intensifies inflammatory responses within the vasculature.

Initially, the hyperglycemic condition in diabetic individuals impairs endothelial cells, disrupting their normal functions, including the regulation of vascular tone and the prevention of thrombosis. Additionally, high blood sugar levels contribute to increased oxidative stress and inflammation, exacerbating endothelial cell injury and fostering the progression of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, diabetes can also cause an increase in blood viscosity, heightening the risk of cardiovascular events. These interrelated factors make individuals with diabetes more susceptible to cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary artery disease and stroke.

Consequently, it is crucial for diabetic patients to manage their blood glucose levels, maintain a healthy lifestyle, and regularly assess their cardiovascular health. Moreover, under a physician's guidance, patients should use medications judiciously to mitigate the risk of cardiovascular incidents.