is there a type 4 diabetes

Diabetes is traditionally categorized into three types: Type 1, Type 2, and gestational diabetes. However, in recent years, some researchers have introduced the concept of 'Type 4 diabetes'. This subtype is primarily characterized by age-related insulin resistance and a decline in β-cell function, predominantly affecting the elderly, particularly those with Alzheimer's disease.

The concept of Type 4 diabetes has been put forth to enhance our understanding of the complexities of diabetes in the aging population. With advancing age, the body's requirements and responsiveness to insulin alter, potentially leading to issues with glycemic control. Moreover, studies indicate that individuals with Alzheimer's disease exhibit reduced brain sensitivity to insulin, which may correlate with their cognitive decline. It is important to note that Type 4 diabetes is not an officially recognized medical category, and its diagnosis and management should adhere to the current guidelines for diabetes care.

For individuals who may be at risk for Type 4 diabetes, regular blood glucose monitoring and adherence to a healthy lifestyle are recommended. This includes a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight. Should any diabetes symptoms emerge, such as frequent thirst, excessive urination, or unexplained weight loss, it is crucial to consult a healthcare provider without delay. Treatment should be guided by a physician, and self-medication should be avoided to ensure the safety and efficacy of blood glucose control.