what are the final stages of diabetes

In the later stages of diabetes, severe complications often emerge that can impact various organ systems. Patients may suffer from vision problems, renal failure, cardiovascular events, neuropathy, and foot ulcers, among other serious health issues. These complications can greatly diminish patients' quality of life and may lead to disability or even death.

Vision problems are a common late-stage complication for diabetic patients. Chronic hyperglycemia can damage the delicate blood vessels in the retina, resulting in diabetic retinopathy. If left untreated, this condition can lead to blindness. The kidneys are also susceptible to diabetic damage. Diabetic nephropathy is a progressive disease that may eventually cause renal failure, necessitating dialysis or a kidney transplant to sustain life. Cardiovascular complications, such as heart attacks and strokes, are significant risks for individuals with diabetes. Additionally, diabetes can lead to neuropathy, which is damage to the nervous system and can result in loss of sensation, pain, and autonomic dysfunction. Lastly, foot ulcers are a critical concern for diabetic patients; due to neuropathy and poor circulation, even minor wounds can escalate into serious infections, potentially necessitating amputation.

To manage diabetes and its complications, it is essential to control blood glucose levels, maintain a healthy lifestyle, and undergo regular health checks to detect potential complications early. Medication should be taken as prescribed by a physician, without self-adjustment of dosage or discontinuation. Should any concerns arise or symptoms worsen, immediate medical attention is advised.