how to perform a diabetic foot exam

Foot examinations are crucial for preventing complications in diabetes. The examination typically involves assessing skin color, temperature, sensation, and blood circulation, as well as checking for ulcers, infections, or other signs of injury.

The examination should be performed in a well-lit area with the patient either lying down or sitting, and shoes and socks removed. The physician will scrutinize the foot's skin color and temperature to evaluate circulatory status. Subsequently, sensation in the feet is tested through touch, which includes light touch, vibration, and proprioception. Additionally, the dorsalis pedis pulse is assessed to evaluate blood flow to the feet. Any abnormalities such as skin damage, ulcers, redness, swelling, pain, or signs of infection should prompt immediate medical consultation.

For individuals with diabetes, regular self-foot examinations and maintaining good foot hygiene are essential. Any detected abnormalities should be reported promptly for professional medical intervention and should not be self-managed or ignored. Throughout treatment, adherence to the physician's instructions regarding medication is imperative, and altering dosages or discontinuing medication without guidance is not advisable.