what is gestational diabetes quizlet

Gestational diabetes is a hyperglycemic condition that arises during pregnancy. Typically manifesting in the second and third trimesters, it poses potential health risks to both the mother and the unborn child.

The development of gestational diabetes is associated with fluctuations in hormone levels, which can diminish the body's insulin sensitivity and consequently lead to elevated blood sugar levels. Poorly managed blood sugar can heighten the risk of hypertension, polyhydramnios, dystocia, and cesarean delivery for pregnant women. For the fetus, an environment of high blood sugar may result in macrosomia, increasing the likelihood of birth complications such as respiratory distress syndrome and neonatal hypoglycemia. Moreover, gestational diabetes may also raise the long-term risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in the offspring.

Hence, it is imperative for women with gestational diabetes to regularly monitor their blood sugar levels, adhere to a healthy diet, and maintain a moderate level of physical activity. Medical guidance may also necessitate pharmacological intervention for blood sugar control. Critically, upon diagnosis of gestational diabetes, prompt collaboration with healthcare providers to establish a tailored management plan is essential to safeguard the health of both the mother and the child.